Sentinel node biopsy is a procedure surgical used by surgeon to detect the spread of cancer to the lymph nodes. If the biopsy is positive for cancer, then either some or all of the remaining nodes are removed. The surgical removal of these nodes causes an obstruction to the natural flow of lymph.
Radiation to the armpit is another risk factor in the development of lymphoedema.
Swelling and “odd sensations” soon after surgery are not lymphoedema. After surgery, it is normal for there to be some numbness in the armpit, upper arm and the breast or chest wall, and there is often some swelling. As the nerves begin to repair, it is also normal to experience a number of several comfortable sensations, often described as tingling.
Exercise plays an important role in improving the physical and emotional well-being of people living with cancer. Regular physical activity can help during and after cancer treatment.
lymphoedema and Exercise
How is lymphoedema and Exercise managed?
Important Points to Remember
- Lymphoedema requires lifelong management — daily care is essential to prevent swelling and infection.
- Daily care includes exercises, massage, and compression therapy to move the lymph fluid.
- Lymphoedema cannot be cured, but it can be effectively managed.
- Swelling may occur uniformly or unevenly.
- Management usually takes a minimum of one month to bring the condition under control before reaching a maintenance phase.
- Medications such as antibiotics or anti-inflammatory drugs may be prescribed during flare-ups or infections.
- Regularity and discipline are crucial for successful management.
- Each patient will receive individualised instruction based on their specific condition.
- Routine monthly follow-up is essential for long-term control.
Management Plan
You will be evaluated for:
- The stage of lymphedema
- Any associated medical conditions
Treatment components may include:
- Rehabilitation exercises – basic and advanced
- Lymphapress therapy – pneumatic compression using a machine
- Bandaging techniques
- Massage (Decongestion therapy)
- Compression garments
Time Frame & Follow-up
- Initial treatment usually lasts 2 weeks to 1 month.
- Sessions may include alternate-day massage therapy, lymphapress, or exercises as required.
- Bandaging techniques will be taught for self-care.
- Compression sleeves or garments are recommended only once the swelling is under control.
- Follow-up visits: Monthly or quarterly, depending on your progress.
- In case of a flare-up, return for evaluation and management. This may include antibiotics, anti-inflammatory medicines, or other interventions.
Things To Remember
- Not all women with breast cancer will develop lymphoedema.
- Early diagnosis and treatment of lymphoedema makes it easier to manage reduces the amount of swelling improves arm function.
- Take precautions to reduce your risk of developing or triggering lymphoedema.
- Observe your arm for any changes.
- Seek prompt medical advice if you are concerned.
- If you have had breast cancer surgery and are subsequently admitted to the hospital for any reason, let the nursing staff know of your surgery so they can be sure to use the other arm for any procedures.
benefits of Exercise
- Reduces side effects of Treatments: Patients who regularly exercise complain of fewer side effects and faster recovery.
- Reduces Fatigue: Cancer-related fatigue is one of the most common symptoms during treatment. Gentle exercise can help improve energy levels, increase stamina and improve the quality of daily life.
- Improves Physical Strength & Mobility: Exercise helps maintain muscle strength, improve flexibility and balance.
- Supports Emotional Well-Being: Even exercising for 10 minutes 5 days a week can help with Anxiety, Depression, Stress, and Emotional distress. Exercise may also improve mood and confidence.
- Improves Sleep: Regular movement can help patients sleep better, so they feel more rested and energetic.
- Improves Quality of Life: Patients often report Greater independence, Better body image, Improved sense of control, and Increased social engagement.
Types of Exercise Commonly Recommended
Aerobic Activities
- Walking
- Light cycling
- Swimming (if medically appropriate)
Strength Exercises
- Light resistance training
- Simple body-weight exercises
Flexibility & Relaxation
- Stretching
- Yoga
- Breathing exercises
Exercise plans should be individualised based on:
- Type of cancer
- Stage of treatment
- Fatigue levels
- Pain
- Blood counts
- Medical advice
Key Message
FAQs about lymphoedema
Why is lymphoedema associated with breast cancer?
Sentinel node biopsy is a procedure surgical used by surgeon the spread of cancer to the lymph nodes. If the biopsy is positive for cancer, then either some or all of the remaining nodes are removed. The surgical removal of these nodes causes an obstruction to the natural flow of lymph.
Radiation to the armpit is another risk factor in the development of lymphoedema.
Swelling and “odd sensations” soon after surgery are not lymphoedema. After surgery, it is normal for there to be some numbness in the armpit, upper arm and the breast or chest wall, and there is often some swelling. As the nerves begin to repair, it is also normal to experience a number of several comfortable sensations, often described as tingling.
These sensations can occur in the breast or chest wall, armpit, upper arm and upper back. The swelling and odd sensations usually settle down during the weeks or months after surgery.
What are the signs and symptoms?
- Discomfort in the arm
- Pitting
- Warmth
- Swelling and heaviness
- Numbness
- Tingling sensation in the arm
- Burning sensation in the arm
- Change in arm colour and texture
- Tightening of sleeves, rings or bangles
What can trigger lymphoedema?
- Infections in your arm – infections can start from cuts, scratches, injections, insect bites, burns or sunburn.
- Being overweight
- Overheating your arm – avoid sun, hot baths and showers, spas, saunas and excessive exercising in hot weather.
- Injuries to your arm
- Carrying or holding heavy parcels/bags
- Restricting circulation to your upper body or arm – blood pressure cuffs, tourniquets, bras with narrow straps, clothes which are tight around your chest or arm, and tight jewellery or watches may reduce lymph flow.
- Travelling – sitting still during long flights, car or bus trips, and pressure variations in planes may reduce lymph flow.
How to reduce risk of developing lymphoedema?
- Taking good care of your skin.
- Keep your skin moist and supple using a moisturising cream.
- Protect your skin from the sun with clothing and sunscreen.
- Avoid waxing your arms.
- If shaving your armpits, use an electric razor instead of a wet razor.
- Use insect repellent and, if bitten, use a product to reduce the itchiness of the bite.
- Protect your hands with gloves while washing dishes or gardening.
- Treat any cuts or breaks to the skin with an antiseptic.
- If a cut, bite or break to the skin becomes red or inflamed, or your arm swells quickly or becomes red and warm, see your doctor as soon as possible, as you may have an infection that requires antibiotics.
- Keeping active and exercising daily.
- Avoid using the arm on the side of your surgery for blood pressure measurements, injections, blood samples or intravenous drips.
If you have any concerns or require further assistance, our team is here to help.